"The current U.S Administration is attempting to evade the responsibility for creating civil-war conditions in Iraq. The invasion of Iraq had created a power vacuum in the country, which led to the spread of instability and chaos. The most important error committed by the occupation forces was their inability to secure the country and impose order after the invasion which in turn has given rise to independent militias that are increasingly organized along sectarian lines."

• Political Researcher at the Study and Research Center for the Arab and Mediterranean World (CERMAM)

• Master in Political Sciences, school unknown
• DEA (Degree of Advanced Studies), Development Studies, University of Geneva

• None found

• "A Political Program to Help USA in Iraq," CERMAM
• Cowritten with Hasni Abidi, "The War in Iraq : A Sad Anniversary for the Refugees," CERMAM
• "The Impact of the 'War on Terrorism' on the Media and Civil Society in North Africa," CERMAM